據(jù)《冰島評(píng)論》報(bào)道，冰島自然歷史研究所正式確認(rèn)，在該國境內(nèi)首次發(fā)現(xiàn)蚊子，顛覆了外界認(rèn)為冰島是“全球唯一無蚊國”的固有認(rèn)知。

報(bào)道稱，當(dāng)?shù)乩ハx愛好者哈爾塔森在其社交媒體上分享了這一關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)。10月16日晚，哈爾塔森在誘捕昆蟲的陷阱中先后發(fā)現(xiàn)3只疑似蚊子的昆蟲，并立即將其送往冰島自然歷史研究所。經(jīng)研究所昆蟲學(xué)家馬蒂亞斯松確認(rèn)，這3只昆蟲屬于“環(huán)跗脈毛蚊”。

Three mosquitoes have been found in West Iceland, the first confirmed discovery of mosquitoes on Icelandic soil, according to the Icelandic Institute of Natural History.

As reported by RúV, the insects were identified earlier this month by Bj?rn Hjaltason, who reported the find in the Facebook group Insects in Iceland.

"At dusk on Thursday, I caught sight of a strange fly on a red wine ribbon," Bj?rn said, referring to the trap he uses to attract insects. "I immediately suspected what was going on and quickly collected the fly. It was a female."

Bj?rn later captured two more specimens and sent them to the Institute of Natural History, where entomologist Matthías Alfreesson confirmed they were mosquitoes, specifically the species Culiseta annulata.

圖源：哈爾塔森社交媒體

據(jù)馬蒂亞斯松，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)具有重大意義，“這是冰島首次確認(rèn)有蚊子在戶外活動(dòng)”。盡管此前偶爾會(huì)在飛往冰島的航班上發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)別蚊子，但從未在戶外環(huán)境中檢測(cè)到其蹤跡。

Matthías described the find as significant, noting that this cold-resistant species can survive Icelandic conditions by sheltering through winter in basements and barns.

“This is the first time mosquitoes have been found in Iceland,” Matthías said, adding that while individual flies have occasionally been found on aircraft arriving in the country, none had previously been discovered outdoors.

土耳其阿納多盧通訊社20日評(píng)論稱，“冰島有蚊子”這一發(fā)現(xiàn)凸顯出全球氣候和自然環(huán)境變化，正使得那些能夠在寒冷環(huán)境中生存的物種，向更北的高緯度地區(qū)擴(kuò)展。

據(jù)CNN，越來越多的研究表明，氣候變化的影響導(dǎo)致昆蟲的活動(dòng)范圍正在變大。

As climate change accelerates, bringing more heat, storms and floods, the range of these disease-carrying insects is increasing, according to a growing body of research. Rising temperatures also allow mosquitoes to grow faster and live longer.

Iceland is no stranger to the impacts of climate change and has experienced record-breaking heat.

值得關(guān)注的是，在此次發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，冰島一直是全球?yàn)閿?shù)不多沒有蚊子分布、且同時(shí)具備適宜人類居住條件的地區(qū)之一。但其“無蚊之謎”長期以來始終未有明確答案。

據(jù)衛(wèi)報(bào)，科學(xué)家們此前曾預(yù)測(cè)，由于冰島擁有豐富的沼澤和池塘等蚊子繁殖所需水域，其很可能會(huì)在這里扎根。

Scientists have predicted for some time that mosquitoes could establish themselves in Iceland as there are plentiful breeding habitats such as marshes and ponds.

目前， 冰島的變暖速度是北半球平均水平的四倍。冰川正在加速融化，來自南方暖水海域的鯖魚等魚類也已出現(xiàn)在冰島水域中。

來源：環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào) 冰島評(píng)論 CNN 衛(wèi)報(bào)

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