近日，教育部印發(fā)通知，出臺(tái)《進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)中小學(xué)生心理健康工作十條措施》。

其中提出，鼓勵(lì)推行“課間15分鐘”，延長(zhǎng)學(xué)生課間活動(dòng)時(shí)間，豐富課后服務(wù)體育項(xiàng)目，增加學(xué)生戶外活動(dòng)時(shí)長(zhǎng)。

The Ministry of Education has issued a notice outlining ten measures to enhance the mental health of primary and secondary school students. Schools are encouraged to implement a "15-minute break", extend recess, expand extracurricular sports programs, and increase outdoor activity.

為落實(shí)健康第一教育理念，進(jìn)一步提高中小學(xué)生心理健康工作水平，針對(duì)中小學(xué)生心理健康階段性特點(diǎn)和突出問題，制定以下工作措施。

▌有效緩解學(xué)生考試升學(xué)焦慮

減輕學(xué)生過重作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，嚴(yán)控書面作業(yè)總量，嚴(yán)禁布置機(jī)械重復(fù)、懲罰性作業(yè)，鼓勵(lì)每周設(shè)置一天“無作業(yè)日”。

規(guī)范考試管理，減少日常測(cè)試頻次，合理設(shè)置考試難度，不得以考試成績(jī)對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行排名。

The measures also call for reducing excessive homework, strictly limiting written assignments, banning repetitive or punitive tasks, and promoting one "no homework day" per week to ease academic pressures, such as stress related to exams.

▌全面落實(shí)“體育每天2小時(shí)”

全面推行中小學(xué)生每天綜合體育活動(dòng)時(shí)間不低于2小時(shí)，保證義務(wù)教育階段全體學(xué)生能夠按規(guī)定課時(shí)開展體育鍛煉，普遍開展“班級(jí)賽”“年級(jí)賽”等全員性體育比賽活動(dòng)，打造“能出汗”的體育課。

Students are required to engage in at least two hours of daily physical activity, with schools organizing class- and grade-level sports competitions.

▌保障學(xué)生充足睡眠時(shí)間

合理安排學(xué)校上下學(xué)時(shí)間，不得要求學(xué)生提前到校參加統(tǒng)一教學(xué)活動(dòng)，有條件的學(xué)校應(yīng)保障學(xué)生必要的午休時(shí)間。

Reasonable school start and end times should be set, and midday rest periods provided where possible to ensure sufficient sleep.

▌培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健康用網(wǎng)習(xí)慣

加強(qiáng)學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)素養(yǎng)教育，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和網(wǎng)絡(luò)法治意識(shí)，幫助學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好用網(wǎng)習(xí)慣。規(guī)范管理學(xué)生帶入學(xué)校的智能終端產(chǎn)品，嚴(yán)禁將手機(jī)等電子產(chǎn)品帶入課堂。

The plan emphasizes strengthening students' online literacy, safety, and legal awareness, while strictly regulating the use of smartphones and other electronic devices in classrooms to promote healthy digital habits.

▌關(guān)心關(guān)愛特殊學(xué)生群體

針對(duì)留守兒童、流動(dòng)兒童、孤兒、事實(shí)無人撫養(yǎng)兒童以及單親家庭兒童等特殊學(xué)生群體建檔立卡，“一生一策”加強(qiáng)心理健康指導(dǎo)。

Special attention will be given to left-behind children, migrant children, orphans, and children from single-parent households, with individualized psychological support plans tailored to their needs.

▌建立監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警和干預(yù)機(jī)制

推進(jìn)建設(shè)全國(guó)學(xué)生心理健康監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，每年組織開展1次心理健康抽樣監(jiān)測(cè)。

A national mental health monitoring and early-warning system for students will be established, with annual sample surveys conducted to track well-being.

▌推進(jìn)實(shí)施全員育心制度

開展心理健康教育培訓(xùn)，提升教師“育心”意識(shí)和能力，在學(xué)科教學(xué)中有機(jī)融入心理健康教育內(nèi)容，提高對(duì)學(xué)生心理行為偏常的識(shí)別和早期干預(yù)能力。

Teachers will receive training to integrate mental health education into classroom instruction and improve early identification and intervention for behavioral or emotional issues.

▌優(yōu)化校園心理支持環(huán)境

實(shí)施中小學(xué)“護(hù)苗行動(dòng)”，及時(shí)化解學(xué)生間存在的矛盾沖突，堅(jiān)決防止各類學(xué)生欺凌行為。

Schools will enhance programs to resolve student conflicts promptly and prevent all forms of bullying.

▌培育家庭和諧親子關(guān)系

推進(jìn)學(xué)校持續(xù)加強(qiáng)“教聯(lián)體”建設(shè)，密切家校協(xié)同，通過家長(zhǎng)會(huì)、家長(zhǎng)學(xué)校、家長(zhǎng)課堂、家訪等形式，每學(xué)期至少組織2次家庭教育指導(dǎo)活動(dòng)，將心理健康作為必講內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)家長(zhǎng)多陪伴多關(guān)愛，注重培養(yǎng)子女健康身心。

Home-school collaboration will be strengthened through parent-teacher associations, family visits, and at least two family education guidance activities per semester, with an emphasis on mental health education.

▌健全部門協(xié)同防護(hù)機(jī)制

依托有關(guān)單位全覆蓋建設(shè)市縣中小學(xué)心理輔導(dǎo)中心，做好知識(shí)普及、業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)、心理咨詢、師資培訓(xùn)等工作。

Municipal and county-level psychological counseling centers will be set up to provide guidance, consultation, training, and resources for schools and families.

來源：央視新聞 北京發(fā)布

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