12月9日，話題“ 水銀體溫計血壓計明年起禁產(chǎn)” 沖上熱搜。

據(jù)此前國家藥監(jiān)局發(fā)布的通知，自2026年1月1日起，我國將全面禁止生產(chǎn)含汞體溫計和含汞血壓計產(chǎn)品。

According to a notice issued earlier by the National Medical Products Administration, China will completely ban the production of mercury-containingthermometersandsphygmomanometersstarting Jan 1, 2026.

thermometer /θ?r?mɑ?m?t?r/ n. 溫度計，寒暑表，體溫計

sphygmomanometer /?sf?gmo?m??nɑ?m?t?r/ n. 血壓計

水銀體溫計“便宜又準確”，為何要“退出歷史舞臺”？

有媒體梳理稱，一是使用不便，每次使用前都要先甩動體溫計讓汞恢復(fù)原位。

二是易碎，汞是有毒的可揮發(fā)重金屬，若流出后不及時、正確清理，會危害健康和環(huán)境。

三是水銀體溫計的讀數(shù)字體很小，老年人讀取不便，而幼兒誤食、誤接觸水銀的事件也是屢見不鮮。

Media analysis points to several reasons for why these medical instruments are being phased out. First, they are inconvenient to use, requiring shaking to reset the mercury before each measurement. Second, they are fragile. Mercury is a toxic, volatile heavy metal. If not cleaned up promptly and properly after a breakage, it can harm both health and the environment. Third, the numerical markings on mercury thermometers are often too small for the elderly to read easily. Furthermore, incidents of children accidentally ingesting or coming into contact with mercury are not uncommon.

據(jù)央視新聞報道，水銀是金屬汞的俗稱，是唯一一種常溫下呈液態(tài)的金屬。體溫計破碎后汞掉落在地上會形成許多大小不等的銀色小球，如果不及時收集處理就會很快揮發(fā)到空氣中變成汞蒸氣。

汞蒸氣有很大的毒性，在短時間里吸入高濃度汞蒸氣（大于1.0mg/m3），就會導(dǎo)致急性汞中毒，表現(xiàn)為頭暈、頭痛、乏力、發(fā)熱等。

As reported by China Central Television (CCTV), mercury is the common name for the metallic element Hg, the only metal that remains liquid at room temperature. When a thermometer breaks, the spilled mercury forms small silver droplets. If not collected and handled quickly, these droplets can evaporate into toxic mercury vapor.

Mercury vapor is highly toxic. Short-term exposure to high concentrations (above 1.0 mg/m3) can cause acute mercury poisoning, with symptoms such as dizziness, headache, fatigue, and fever.

破碎體溫計如何處理？

立即清理散落在地面或者物體表面的汞珠，可用紙片或者薄塑料板將汞珠收集放入塑料或玻璃瓶中，破碎的體溫計可一并放入包裝，擰緊瓶蓋。

“科普中國”提醒，收集好的水銀不要倒入下水道，以免污染地下水，建議收集好的水銀交由社區(qū)廢液管理人員處理。

人員盡量不要在打碎體溫計的房間滯留，開窗通風兩天室內(nèi)汞蒸氣就能達到安全水平。

To handle a broken thermometer, immediately clean up mercury droplets from floors or surfaces. Use a piece of paper or thin plastic card to collect the mercury droplets into a plastic or glass container. The broken thermometer can also be placed inside. Seal the container tightly.

The China Science Communication Center warns against pouring collected mercury down the drain to avoid groundwater contamination. It is recommended to hand it over to community hazardous waste management personnel.

People should avoid staying in the room where the thermometer broke. Opening windows for ventilation for about two days can reduce indoor mercury vapor to safe levels.

破碎體溫計釋放汞是否能夠引起人的急性中毒？

日常使用的一支標準水銀體溫計約含有1g的汞，如果破碎后汞全部蒸發(fā)，可使一間面積15平方米、3米高的房間空氣汞濃度達到22.2mg/m3。但也不必驚慌，如果能及時收集散落汞珠，加上一定時間的開窗通風，是不會對人體造成健康影響的。

中國疾控中心官方賬號曾刊載中國疾控中心職業(yè)衛(wèi)生所專家文章指出，從既往臨床實踐看，體溫計破碎不會引起重度中毒。

An article by experts from the National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), stated that, based on past clinical practice, breaking a thermometer does not typically cause severe mercury poisoning.

沒有了含汞體溫計、血壓計，我們該用什么測體溫和血壓呢？

業(yè)內(nèi)專家表示，電子體溫計將逐步代替水銀體溫計，而電子血壓計因其操作簡單、便于攜帶，也越來越受到消費者的歡迎。

你覺得哪種體溫計最好用？歡迎評論區(qū)留言分享。

來源：中國青年報 央視網(wǎng) 中國疾控中心 科普中國等

跟著China Daily

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